Backyard Composting

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Backyard Composting

Composting is a natural process of decay that results in a nutrient-rich soil additive called compost. Organisms such as beetles, fungi, worms and bacteria aid in breaking down organic material.

How does composting help my garden grow?

It helps hold moisture in the soil making your plants more drought-tolerant.
Compost releases nutrients slowly when your plant needs them.
Compost adds macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium) and micronutrients (calcium,
magnesium and boron) to the soil.
Compost allows your plants to become healthier and stronger. The result is that they are much more
resistant to disease and pest problems.

It's all in the Balance

Alternate layers of green materials with brown materials. Keep the layers about 3" deep. Too much green material will result in an overly wet compost pile (which will become anaerobic and begin to smell strongly). If you add a lot of grass, you also need to add a lot of brown material to balance the recipe. The goal is one-half brown to one-half green!

Green, wet materials (Nitrogen-rich)

Fresh grass clippings
Coffee grounds
Green plant trimmings
Tea bags/leaves
Vegetables and fruits

Brown, dry materials (Carbon-rich)

Straw
Dry leaves
Sawdust, wood chips
Shredded newspaper

What cannot be added?

Meat products
Cooked foods or grain products
Dog or cat feces

Dairy products
BBQ ashes or coal
Grass clippings treated with pesticides

How long does it take?

Compost may take anywhere from 3 - 12 months before it is ready to harvest. The time depends on:

Temperature - The compost bin should be hot! Place the bin in a sunny location and be sure to keep
the balance of green, wet materials and brown, dry materials.
Material size - Chop up the materials in 3" pieces. The smaller, the better.
Carbon to Nitrogen ratio - Add equal amounts of brown, dry material with green, wet material.
Moisture - The compost pile works best when as wet as a wrung out sponge.
Oxygen - Mix the bin contents (aerate) using a pitch fork or an aerating tool. This adds air and gets the
bin to heat up again. Mix once a week.

The finished product is dark brown, crumbles and smells earthy!

Compost tips:

Save your fall leaves for summer composting.
Use a rodent-resistant bin.
Bury food in the bin to avoid fruit flies.
Add a scoop of soil every once in a while to introduce fungi and other organisms to the bin.
Harvest in spring-time when your plants are growing.

For more information:

Contact the Compost Hotline (604) 736-2250 or This e-mail address is being protected from spambots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it

Purchasing a backyard composter - for Township of Langley residents

"How to Compost" Comic Strip

Backyard Composting Brochure